の is what's called a "particle", and it really has two jobs, both of which I'll show here. The most common meaning is that it's basically short for もち もの (持ち 物) "held-thing" (belongings, possessions).
In Japanese, they don't have different forms for "dog's, his, your" etc. versus "dog, he, you". So they'd say "you belonging house" to mean "your house; this house is your belonging". So の adds this meaning too, except Japanese can also say that a whole part of a sentence "belongs" to another part of the sentence. I'll give some examples.
In Japanese, they don't have different forms for "dog's, his, your" etc. versus "dog, he, you". So they'd say "you belonging house" to mean "your house; this house is your belonging". So の adds this meaning too, except Japanese can also say that a whole part of a sentence "belongs" to another part of the sentence. I'll give some examples.
日本 の 東京
ニホン の トーキョー
"Japan (belonging) Tokyo"
= Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo belongs to (the country of ) Japan.
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